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Industry Structure

The Indian steel industry can be divided into two distinct producer groups:

•

Major producers : Also known as Integrated Steel Producers (ISPs), this group includes large steel producers with high levels of backward integration and capacities of over 1 MT. Steel Authority of India Limited (SAIL), Tata Steel, Rashtriya Ispat Nigam Limited (RINL), Jindal Vijayanagar Steel Limited (JVSL), Essar Steel and Ispat Industries form this group.

SAIL, TISCO and RINL produce steel using the blast furnace/basic oxygen furnace (BF/BOF) route that uses iron ore, coal/coke as the basic input mix for producing finished steel.

Other major producers such as Essar Steel, Ispat Industries and JVSL use routes other than BF/BOF for producing steel. . While Essar Steel and Ispat Industries employ Electric Arc Furnace (EAF) route that uses sponge iron, melting scrap or a mix of both as input, JVSL uses COREX, a revolutionary technology for making steel using basically iron-ore and coal.

 
• Other producers : This group consists of smaller stand-alone steel plants that include producers and processors of steel.
• Processors/Rerollers: Units producing small quantities of steel (flat/long products) from materials procured from the market or through their own backward integration system.
• Stand alone units making pig iron and sponge iron.
• Small producers using scrap-sponge iron-pig iron combination produce steel ingots (for long products) using Electric Arc Furnace (EAF) or Induction Arc Furnace (IAF) route.

The Major producers are strategic in nature and account for most of the mild steel production in the country. The group produces most of the flat steel products in the country including Hot Rolled, Cold Rolled and Galvanised steel. The majors also produce a small proportion of Long products and other special steel being produced in the country.

 

Other producers account for a majority of long products being produced in the country and some of the value added flat steel products like cold rolled steel and galvanized steel.
 
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